Rail-bond.



G. R. Asi?URDBVMW.

RAIL BOND. APPLIUATION .'EILBVD AUG. 23, 1906.

Patented May 17', 11910.

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Umm 'saires yCI:`lA.RL}ilS R. STURDEVANT, OF WORCESTER, MASNSKACHUS AMERICAN STEEL AND `WIRE COMPANY 0F NEW JERSEY,` OF WORCESTER,

Massai CHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

RAIL-BOND.

Speciicaton of Letters Patent,` y Patented May 17,1910;

Application filed August 23, 1906; Serial No. 331,711. V

ing, e. igure 1 Shows a partial section of a rail with side elevation of the milling cutter employed therewith; and Figs. 2i and 3 are partial sections showing two forms of the rail bond 1n place. i i

' My lnvention relates to thrininal stud 4bonds applied to `railway rails frgthe purpose of conducting an electric current lthe object of the invention is to provide 'a1 new and improved structure by which the studs are firmly anchored in position, fand further to permanently seal the contact and 4prevent the entraneeot' air or moisture.

To that end, the invention consistsfin providing a bottomed hole having one orinre annular grooves in its wall, into which annular groove or grooves the metal of the stud is forced or expanded.

It further consists iii the construction and arrangement of parts as hereinafter more fully described and set fortlnand also in the method of forming the bond.

In the drawings, referring to Fig. l, 2 rep-i resents a part of the head, 3 the lweb and 4 the base iange of an ord-inary T-rail, gtl'ie head being provided with a bottomed hole 5. The inner end of the hole is prcfierably coii ical, though it maybe of any desired form. Neartlic outer portion of the hole, l cut or form an` annular groove (3 in its Wall; and i for this purpose I preferably employ the liand milling cutter shown in Fig. 1, i'lhis cutter may consistJof a stem 7 having a ballshaped end 8 and a toothed cutter 9, the stem being provided with a hand-wheel 710. liy in;` sorting the bell-shaped end of the stem iu the t hole and rotating the outer, end of thejsteni" about the axis ol the hole, and turning the hand-wheel, the groove 6 may Vbe cut` in the wall of the hole. lf a'solid stud of copper or other suitable nietal is inserted endwisel into the hole, this` may be driven or compressed so as to expand the metal of the stud and force it'. into the annular groove 6. y Such a forni is shown in Fig. 2, where 11 represents the stud, which is expanded at 12 in vilv lsurfare for the One or kmore studs mayL be einployed for each terminal 13, the terminals being preferabl connected by the flexible inemberor mem ers 14. Instead of using a solid stud whichris driven or forced inwardlyto expand it into the groove, I may expand a tubular stud# by resi Assioma fro rifa annular form to till thegroove in wallof the hole.

driving'a piuof steel or other suitable metal thereinto. Thus,'in Fig. 3 I show the tubular stud 15 as being expanded by a pinlt driven into'it as shown in dotted lines." This pin will expand the copperof the stud to fill i the groove, i

t rl he advantages of my .invention result from the use of the annular recess or groove shnvmor biau expansionibityor other sui-table titil. 'The expandiiigf: ofl the stud` into this groovev anchors the 4stal 4firmly in place and jfurtlicrniore, b'eiiigcpreferably iicaritlhe y "7o in the ,wal-l of the hole, which A'inavmbe' `Aformed either by the hand `milling cutter outer end of the hole, sei.vef`\ to seal the convl,

`qtact permanentlyfrom the entrance of air dii-moisture Whiclrivould tend/to corrode the joint and reduce its'conductlvity. The

provision of-the bottomed hole for tlief studs not-only results in the exclusion. of moisture which' might also acts asa backing or anvil which insures proper expansion of the stud,

Many cliai'iges may be made in the form and sizeof the h'ole and the annular groove destroyr perfect contact be! ltvvc'en the surfaces, but the bottoming Wall or recess; and also in the form of the stud and connector without departing from my invention.

I claim:

l. A rail ha vingfa bottomed hole therein with an annular groove or recess in its'walh a teruiinal'stud,` the 'bottom4 for receiving wall o-t the holeL foriniiiga"lnicking, or aneiidof the stud, and also excluding moisture asilescribd i f p QfA `raiLliav'inga bottomed hole therein y lwith an annular groove or recess iii the wall `of the hole, and a terminal s tud expanded within the groove of the hole, the bottom wallof the hole protecting the stud and also forming an anvil or hacking therefor, substantially as described.

therefrom, substantially i 3. A. rail having a bottomed hole with an i annular groove in its Wall near Ithe outer end of the hole, in combination with a terminal stud expanded in the vhole and Within the annular recess, the wall of the hole being in contact with the surface of the stud at its inner end, substantially as described. l 4

4. In a rail bond, the combination yWith a rail having a bottomed hole therein, formed With an annular groove in its Wall near its outer end, of a terminal stud seated in the said hole and having-a portion thereof eX panded into the annular groove and forming combined sealing and anchoring means for the stud; substantially as described.

5. In a device of the `class described, the combination of a rail 1provided with a cav-v ity having an end Wal the diameter of the cavity bem larger intermediate its ends, a bond, an a projection carried thereby, said projection entering into the cavity and upset therein to substantially conform to the contour of said cavity.

6. In a device of the class described, the

combination of a rail, provided with a cavity havin an end Wall, the diameter of a portion o the cavity beyond the entrance being increased, a bond, and a projection carried by the bond, said projection being of a length greater than the depth of thel cavity7 the end of the projection engaging' -the wall and said projection being enlarged in diameter to conform to thercontour of t the cavity.

7. `In adevice of the class described, the combination of a rail, provided with a cav- 1ty having an end Wall, said cavity being of irregular diameter, the entrance thereof being of the smallest diameter, a bond, and a projection carried thereby, said projection beingl of a length greater than the depth of the cavity, the end of the projection engaging the said Wall and the projection being forced into the cavity, whereby the diameter for the end of the stud and also excluding moisture therefrom, the diameter of a portion of the hole beyond the entrance being increased, substantially as described. j

l0. A rail having a bottomed hole therein for receiving a terminal stud, the bottom of the hole forming a backing or anvil surface for the end of the stud and also excluding moisture therefrom, said hole being ofir- =J.regular diameter With the entrance thereof of the smallest diameter. f In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

CHARLES R. STURDEVANT. Witnesses: FRANK F. DRESSER,

CHARLES A. HAMILTON. 

